Neuroimmunology and Neuroinfectious Diseases

Microbiome and the Gut-Brain-Immune Axis

This session will focus on the emerging role of the microbiome in regulating interactions between the gut, brain, and immune system, commonly referred to as the gut-brain-immune axis. It will explore how the composition and diversity of gut microbiota influence immune responses, neuroinflammation, and neurological function. Disruptions in the microbiome have been linked to various neuroimmunological and neuropsychiatric conditions, including multiple sclerosis, autism spectrum disorders, and neurodegenerative diseases. The session will discuss recent advances in microbiome research, including metagenomics, metabolomics, and microbiota-based therapies such as probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation. Emphasis will also be placed on understanding the mechanisms through which microbial metabolites affect immune signaling and brain function, as well as the potential for microbiome-targeted interventions in prevention and treatment strategies.